Churn



J. JAQUE. GHURN.

(N-.o Model.)

Patented Mar. 9

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Tras cams PETERS co. FHDTQLITHQ.. wAsHmsrou, u. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH JAQUE, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 578,488, dated March 9,1897. Application filed December 14, 1895. Serial No, 572,146. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH JAQUE, a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Louis,

State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Churn, of which thefollowing is a speciication Myinvention relates to churns, and has forits object to provide a simple and eiiicient' 'construction andarrangement of operating mechanism carried solely by the lid or coverand adapted to be applied to an ordinary form of churn-body orreceptacle, to provide improved means in connection with the agitatingdevices for forcing atmospheric air through the contents of thereceptacle, and also to for gathering and removing the particles ofbutter from the receptacle after the completion of the churningoperation, said means being removable with the dasher from thereceptacle.

Further objects and advantages of this in-y" vention will ,appear in thefollowing description, and the novel features thereof will beparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a churn constructedin accordance -with my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail view in perspectiveof Vthe frame or casting upon which the operating parts of the apparatusare mounted. Fig. 3 is a similar view of one of the catches whereby thelid or'cover issecured to the receptacle. Fig. et. is a similar view ofthe breaking and gathering devices detached.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures-of the drawings. Y

1 designates a receptacle of the ordinary construction, that illustratedin the drawings being cylindrical and being fitted with a removable lidor cover 2, which is held in place by means of spring clips or ears 3.These clips or ears are secured at their upper ends to the upper surfaceof the lid or cover and depend at their outer ends contiguous to theouter surface of the receptacle, said ears or clips being provided neartheir free ends with vertical slots 4, which are adapted to engage loopsor staples 5, secured to the outer surface of the receptacle.

provide simple and eflicient meansv Secured to the upper surface of thelid or cover is a frame or casting 6, consisting of a base-plate 7,preferably secured to the lid or cover by means of bolts 8, a verticalstandard 9, which supports a horizontal bearing 10 for the driving-shaft11, and a vertical bearing l2 for the agitating or dasher shaft 13. Theagitating or dasher shaft is reduced to form a shoulder 14 to bear uponthe lower end of the bearing 12 and prevent 'the upward displacement ofsaid shaft, and secured to the portion of the sha-ft above the upper endof said bearing is abeveled pinion 15, which prevents downwarddisplacement of thedashershaft, and which meshes with a master or drivegear 16, secured to the driving-shaft 11. Set-screws 17 are employed tosecure the gears to their respective shafts, and a crank` arm 18 issecured by means of a similar setscrew 19 to the outer end of thedriving-shaft.

The upperportion of the agitating or dasher shaft 13 is tubular, asshown at 20, the vertical bore thereof being open at the upper end ofthe shaft to ad mit atmospheric air, which is discharged through theoutlet-perforations 21 within the receptacle close to the plane of thelid or cover. The dasher, which is used in connection with the improvedapparatus and is carried by said agitating or dasher shaft,- consists ofa spiral blade 22, encircling said shaft as a center and extendingcontinuously from a point contiguous to and slightly below the lowermostoutlet-opening 21 to the lower extremity of the shaft. By rotating thisdasher in the direction indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1 the upperextremity thereof is adapted to cut the contents of the receptacle andthus cause a downward pressure upon said contents. This dasher-pressureof the contents at the center or contiguous to the center of thereceptacle induces a corresponding upward current contiguous to thesides or walls of the receptacle, and rotary movement of the contentsisimpeded by the approximately vertical breakers 23, consisting of flatstrips or bars arranged at diametrically opposite points contiguous tothe sides of thereceptacle. These breaker strips or bars are carried bythe churn lid or cover, and henceAv are removable from the receptaclewith said lid or cover. In orderto attain this removability of thebreaker strips or bars, they are IOO connected at their upper ends bymeans of a band or hoop 24, which is of less diameter than the interioroi' the receptacle, and are connected at their lower ends to a disk 25,which is also of less diameter than the interior of the receptacle, abracket 26 being attached to the hoop or band 24 and engaged by one ofthe bolts S or byits equivalent, as shown clearly in Fig. l. Whiledisposed at diametrically opposite points, the strips or bars are notdisposed upon diametrical lines, but are inclined or disposed diagonallywith relation to the radii of the receptacle, and hence are disposeddiagonally with relation to the whirling or rotary movement of thecontents of the receptacle. The hoop and disk hold the upper and lowerends of the breaker strips or bars in the proper relative positions andprovide for the insertion or removal of the breakerstrips with thedasher.

In order to deflect the contents ot the churn inward at the upper endsof the breakerstrips, the latter are curved, as shown at 27, and hencethe liquid, as it rises to give room for the downward current caused bythe spiral dasher, is deflected by the portions 27, and hence throwninward or toward the center of the receptacle. The lateral bending ofthe upper extremities of the strips or bars, by reason of the diagonaldisposition of said bars, causes said extremities to incline slightlyinward or toward the interior of the receptacle.

This inward projection of the liquid causes a partial aeration by comingin contact with the air admitted through the openings 2l, and at thesame time the air thus admitted and depressed or thrown verticallydownward by the liquid deflected by the breaker-strips is brought withinreach of the upper end of the dasher-blade, and is thus carriedvertically downward with the other contents of the receptacle to insurethe further aeration of the liquid and induce the formation of lacticacid, and hence the curdling of the milk, by supplying the requiredamount of oxygen.

The disk 25 is provided with a central opening 2S, fitted with a screen29, and inasmuch as the disk is approxi mately coextensive with theinterior of the receptacle, or is approximately equal in diameterthereto, it is obvious that when the breaker-frame, which includes thebreaker-strips, the band 24, and the disk 25, is withdrawn from thechurn-receptacle the iloating or separate particles will be gathered,thus materially simplifying this portion of the churning operation. Thedisk 25 is preferably dished in shape, or is provided with a concaveupper surface, and hence when the lid or cover isdetached and thebreaker-frame removed from the receptacle said disk forms a suitableholder for the butter, while the screen allows the liquid contents ofthe receptacle to drain out.

'Various changes inthe form, proportion, and the minor details ofconstruction may be resorted to without `departing from the spirit orsacrificing any of the advantages of this invention,

Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. In a churn, thecombination of a lid or cover adapted to be removably fitted upon areceptacle, a dasher, operating mechanism mounted upon the cover, andabreaker-frame secured to and carried bythe cover and having oppositecross-sectionally fiat breaker strips or bars disposed diagonally withrelation to the diameter of the receptacle and curved laterally at theirupper ends, as at 27, to defiect the contents of the receptacleinwardly, said strips supporting a butter-gathering dish below the lowerend of the dasher, substantially as specified.

2. In a churn, the combination with a receptacle, of a rotarydasher-shaft and means for operating the same, a continuous fiatspirally-disposed dasher-blade carried by and concentric with thedasher-shaft, and approximately vertical opposite breaker strips or barsarranged in fixed positions in the receptacle with their inner edgesrcontiguous to the peripheries of the coils of the blade, said strips orbars being disposed cross-sectionally at an angle to the diameter of thereceptacle, and hence diagonally with relation to the direction ofmovement of the whirling contents of the receptacle, to deiiect thecontents inwardly, substantially as specified.

3. In a churn, the combination with a receptacle having a removable lidor cover, of a rotary dasher-shafft mounted in and supported by the lidor cover, operating mechanism for the dasher-shaft also carried by thelid or cover, and a continuous flat spirallydisposed dasher-bladecarried by the dashershaft and adapted to exert a downward pressure upon`the contents of the receptacle, the upper portion of the dasher-shaftbeing hollow or tubular with an inlet-opening above the plane of the lidor cover and outlet-openings within the receptacle contiguous to theupper end of the dasher-blade, substantially as speciiied.

In testimony7 that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JOSEPH JAQUE.

Witnesses:

J. H. SULLrvAN, FRANK D. WISE.

IOO

